{"id":91,"date":"2025-05-12T11:06:46","date_gmt":"2025-05-12T11:06:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/?page_id=91"},"modified":"2025-05-12T12:17:43","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T12:17:43","slug":"sdr-signals-russian","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/?page_id=91","title":{"rendered":"SDR++ &#8211; Signals in the Ether"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The aim of this document is to provide an accurate frequency list for SDR users using SDR++<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To create a loadable frequency chart for Russian military stations compatible with <strong>SDR++<\/strong>, we need a structured dataset of frequencies, modes, and other relevant details, formatted as a CSV file that SDR++ can import as a frequency list. SDR++ supports importing frequency lists in CSV format with columns like frequency, mode, and description. Below, data from reliable sources is used, including <strong>Priyom.org<\/strong> and other references, to compile a chart of Russian military shortwave (HF) frequencies, focusing on stations like &#8220;The Buzzer,&#8221; &#8220;The Pip,&#8221; and others, which are commonly monitored by radio enthusiasts. provide Instructions are for formatting and loading the chart into SDR++.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1: Understanding SDR++ Frequency List Format<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>SDR++ allows users to import a frequency list via a CSV file. The typical format includes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Frequency<\/strong>: In Hertz (Hz) or Megahertz (MHz).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mode<\/strong>: Modulation type (e.g., USB, AM, CW).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Description<\/strong>: A label or note about the station or purpose.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Optional Fields<\/strong>: Bandwidth, tags, or other metadata (not always required).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, a CSV line might look like:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>4625000,USB,The Buzzer - Russian Military<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2: Compiling Russian Military Frequencies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Using data from <strong>Priyom.org<\/strong>, <strong>Numbers-Stations.com<\/strong>, and other sources, here\u2019s a curated list of active or historically significant Russian military HF frequencies, focusing on shortwave bands suitable for SDR monitoring. These include strategic stations, markers, and voice networks. I\u2019ve cross-checked for relevance and activity as of 2025, noting that some frequencies may be inactive or change due to military operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Frequency (kHz)<\/th><th>Mode<\/th><th>Description<\/th><th>Notes<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>4625<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>The Buzzer (UVB-76)<\/td><td>Western Military District, Naro-Fominsk, Moscow. Buzz tone with occasional voice messages. Callsigns: ANVF, VZhCh, A1JZH.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5292<\/td><td>CW<\/td><td>D Marker<\/td><td>Western Military District, intermittent Morse code marker.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4182<\/td><td>CW<\/td><td>T Marker<\/td><td>Western Military District, Morse code marker.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3510<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>The Air Horn<\/td><td>Western Military District, associated with military comms.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4310\/3243<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>The Goose<\/td><td>Western Military District, primary\/secondary frequencies.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4770<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>The Alarm<\/td><td>Western Military District, voice comms.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4224\/3218.5<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>Katok-65<\/td><td>Western Military District, voice traffic.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5448\/3756<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>The Pip<\/td><td>Southern Military District, Rostov na Donu. Callsign: 8S1Ch.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5473\/3828<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>The Squeaky Wheel<\/td><td>Southern Military District, possible Rostov na Donu. Callsign: Alfa-45.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4590<\/td><td>CW<\/td><td>WEGI<\/td><td>Morse code messages, often linked to The Buzzer.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4621<\/td><td>CW<\/td><td>WEGI<\/td><td>Morse code, same network as 4590 kHz.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6998<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>The Buzzer (Secondary)<\/td><td>Alternate frequency for The Buzzer network.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2737<\/td><td>CW\/Digital<\/td><td>REA4<\/td><td>Russian Air Force HQ, Moscow. Airfield weather and Monolith messages.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4179<\/td><td>CW\/Digital<\/td><td>REA4<\/td><td>Russian Air Force HQ, Moscow. Similar to 2737 kHz.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4672<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>Vologda Radio<\/td><td>Russian Air Force, occasional call checks.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5959<\/td><td>USB<\/td><td>Unidentified Russian Station<\/td><td>Logged in 2019, rare messages, no callsign.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Notes<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Frequencies<\/strong>: Converted to kHz for consistency (e.g., 4625 kHz = 4.625 MHz).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mode<\/strong>: Most voice comms use Upper Sideband (USB); Morse code uses CW (Continuous Wave); some stations use digital modes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Activity<\/strong>: Frequencies like The Buzzer (4625 kHz) and The Pip (5448 kHz) are consistently active, while others (e.g., 5959 kHz) are sporadic. Monitor logs on <strong>Priyom.org<\/strong> for real-time updates.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Callsigns<\/strong>: Russian military callsigns are often a word plus two digits (e.g., SEKRET-39) or 4-character alphanumeric codes.<a href=\"https:\/\/priyom.org\/military-stations\/russia\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3: Creating the CSV File<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Below is the CSV content based on the table above, formatted for SDR++ compatibility. Copy this into a text editor and save it as <code>russian_military_frequencies.csv<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Frequency,Mode,Description\n4625000,USB,The Buzzer - Western Military District (UVB-76)\n5292000,CW,D Marker - Western Military District\n4182000,CW,T Marker - Western Military District\n3510000,USB,The Air Horn - Western Military District\n4310000,USB,The Goose - Western Military District (Primary)\n3243000,USB,The Goose - Western Military District (Secondary)\n4770000,USB,The Alarm - Western Military District\n4224000,USB,Katok-65 - Western Military District (Primary)\n3218500,USB,Katok-65 - Western Military District (Secondary)\n5448000,USB,The Pip - Southern Military District\n3756000,USB,The Pip - Southern Military District (Secondary)\n5473000,USB,The Squeaky Wheel - Southern Military District\n3828000,USB,The Squeaky Wheel - Southern Military District (Secondary)\n4590000,CW,WEGI - Morse Code (Buzzer Network)\n4621000,CW,WEGI - Morse Code (Buzzer Network)\n6998000,USB,The Buzzer - Western Military District (Secondary)\n2737000,CW,REA4 - Russian Air Force HQ Moscow\n4179000,CW,REA4 - Russian Air Force HQ Moscow\n4672000,USB,Vologda Radio - Russian Air Force\n5959000,USB,Unidentified Russian Station (2019)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Formatting Notes<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Frequency<\/strong>: In Hertz (e.g., 4625000 Hz = 4.625 MHz).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mode<\/strong>: SDR++ recognizes modes like USB, CW, AM, etc. Ensure these match SDR++\u2019s mode option(e.g., @MelvinBGlobal\u2019s 2022 list).s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Description<\/strong>: Includes station name and military district for clarity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 4: Loading the CSV into SDR++<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow these steps to import the frequency list into SDR++:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Install SDR++<\/strong>: Download and install SDR++ from its official GitHub page (https:\/\/github.com\/AlexandreRouma\/SDRPlusPlus) for your operating system (Windows, Linux, or macOS).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Save the CSV<\/strong>: Copy the CSV content above into a text editor (e.g., Notepad) and save it as <code>russian_military_frequencies.csv<\/code> in a known location (e.g., your Desktop).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Open SDR++<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Connect your SDR device (e.g., RTL-SDR, HackRF) and select it in SDR++.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Start the SDR++ application.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Access the Frequency Manager<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Go to the <strong>View<\/strong> menu and enable the <strong>Frequency Manager<\/strong> panel (or press the frequency display).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the Frequency Manager, click the <strong>Import<\/strong> button (usually a folder icon or menu option).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Import the CSV<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Navigate to your <code>russian_military_frequencies.csv<\/code> file and select it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SDR++ will load the frequencies into the Frequency Manager.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Monitor Frequencies<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Double-click a frequency in the Frequency Manager to tune to it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Adjust the mode (e.g., USB, CW) and bandwidth (typically 2.8\u20133 kHz for USB, 500 Hz for CW) as needed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Listen for buzz tones, voice messages, or Morse code. Use a spectrum analyzer or waterfall display to identify signals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 5: Monitoring Tips<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Equipment<\/strong>: An SDR like RTL-SDR (~$30) with a good antenna (e.g., longwire or dipole for HF) is sufficient. Ensure your SDR covers 2\u201310 MHz for shortwave.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.toptal.com\/software\/software-defined-radio-tutorial-rtl-sdr\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Time of Day<\/strong>: HF propagation varies. Nighttime is better for long-distance reception due to ionospheric conditions.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/future\/article\/20170801-the-ghostly-radio-station-that-no-one-claims-to-run\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Interference<\/strong>: Russian stations like The Buzzer may experience jamming or pirate broadcasts (e.g., memes, songs).<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UVB-76\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Logs<\/strong>: Check <strong>Priyom.org<\/strong> or <strong>Numbers-Stations.com<\/strong> for recent logs to confirm activity. Some frequencies (e.g., 5959 kHz) are rarely active.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.numbers-stations.com\/russia\/\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Language<\/strong>: Messages are in Russian, often coded (e.g., \u201cSEKRET-39 37649\u201d). Use a recorder or Google Translate for voice analysis.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/amateurradio\/comments\/t2uuki\/russian_military_frequencies\/\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 6: Limitations and Considerations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Accuracy<\/strong>: Frequencies may change due to military operations or reorganization. The Buzzer moved transmitters in 2010 and 2015.<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UVB-76\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Legality<\/strong>: Monitoring military frequencies is legal in many countries for hobbyists, but retransmitting or decoding encrypted messages may violate laws. Check local regulations (e.g., UK\u2019s Wireless Telegraphy Act).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Encryption<\/strong>: Many Russian comms are unencrypted (\u201cen clair\u201d), but coded messages (e.g., Monolith format) are unintelligible without context.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rusi.org\/explore-our-research\/publications\/commentary\/russian-comms-ukraine-world-hertz\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Verification<\/strong>:  <strong>Priyom.org<\/strong> and <strong>Numbers-Stations.com<\/strong> are used for data, but not all frequencies are active daily. Cross-reference with SDR communities on Reddit or X for real-time reports.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/amateurradio\/comments\/t2uuki\/russian_military_frequencies\/\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/k0lwc.com\/monitoring-the-airwaves-during-ukrainian-conflict\/\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 7: Optional Enhancements<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Custom Tags<\/strong>: Add a \u201cTags\u201d column to the CSV (e.g., \u201cBuzzer,\u201d \u201cAir Force\u201d) for filtering in SDR++.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bandwidth<\/strong>: Include a \u201cBandwidth\u201d column (e.g., 2800 for USB, 500 for CW) if your SDR++ version supports it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dynamic Updates<\/strong>: Use SDR++\u2019s bookmark feature to manually add new frequencies from <strong>Priyom.org<\/strong> as they\u2019re reported.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Final Notes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This frequency chart focuses on shortwave (HF) Russian military stations, as these are most accessible with consumer SDRs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> VHF\/UHF frequencies (e.g., for Russian Air Force tactical comms, 124\u2013358 MHz), are possible, but these require specialized antennas and are less commonly monitored due to line-of-sight limitations.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.numbers-stations.com\/russia\/russian-air-force-stations\/\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To use the chart, save the CSV, import it into SDR++, and start monitoring. For real-time updates, follow <strong>Priyom.org<\/strong> or X posts from radio enthusiasts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The aim of this document is to provide an accurate frequency list for SDR users using SDR++ To create a loadable frequency chart for Russian military stations compatible with SDR++, we need a structured dataset of frequencies, modes, and other relevant details, formatted as a CSV file that SDR++ can import as a frequency list. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-91","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/91","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=91"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/91\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":96,"href":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/91\/revisions\/96"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/8p8c.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=91"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}